Products

EA – ALPHA emission standards

DESCRIPTION

The radioactive substance in thin layer on the Pt foil is squeezed to the duraluminium casing with dimensions 25 x 5 mm (diameter x height). The casing has front window with diameter of 6 mm. The active area must be carefully protected against moisture, dust and abrasion.

APPLICATION

They are widely used as control sources in comparative measurements, for energy and efficiency calibration of alpha-spectrometers, determination of efficiency of window and windowless counters of α particles.

MEASUREMENT

Flux of α particles to spatial angle 2π sr is determined by 2π proportional counter. Activity is calculated from flux using correction on back scattering, spatial angle and self-absorption.

EFF a EFX – STANDARDS OF PHOTON FLUX

DESCRIPTION

Standards of X and g photon flux type EFF and EFX are the point sources with minimum self-absorption emitting homogeneously to angle near 4π sr. The activity is deposited between two welded polyethylene foils with square weight 3,6 + 0,3 mg.cm -2 . The foils are located in the metal ring with outer diameter 40 mm. The active material is located in the centre of the foil.

APPLICATION

Standards EFF and EFX are designed for energy and efficiency calibration of counters and spectrometers of X and γ photons. The activity of the standard gives the source strength approximately ~10 4 s -1.

MEASUREMENT

The source strength of the EFX standard is determined by means of a suitable 4π counter. For the standards EFF (emitting photons γ ) source emission is calculated from the activity and the known photon yields.

EFS – STANDARD SOURCES FOR GAMMA SPECTROMETRY

DESCRIPTION

Standards of γ photon flux EFS are the point sources with minimum self-absorption emitting homogeneously to angle near 4π sr. The activity is deposited between two welded polyethylene foils with thickness less than 0,2 mm. Foils are mounted in the metal ring with outer diameter 35 mm. The active material is located in the centre of the foil.

APPLICATION

The standards EFS are designed for energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers with Ge(Li) and HPGe detectors. Used radionuclides cover energy range 100 keV - 2 MeV.

MEASUREMENT

The activity of the standard is calculated from the mass and specific activity of the standard solution. The specific activity is determined by absolute measurement.

EG – GAMMA AND X REFERENCE SOURCES

DESCRIPTION

A weighed amount of the standard solution is dropped on the disc of filter paper in the polymethylmetacrylate capsule. The capsule is sealed up, when dried. The capsule and the reflector layer of common NaI(Tl) scintillators provide a sufficient filtering of β radiation of relevant radionuclide. For 144Ce this filtration is not sufficient and for the types EG 1 and EG 3 layer of minimum 3,2 mm Al between the standard and the detector is necessary.

APPLICATION

Energy and efficiency calibration of scintillation spectrometers and counters of γ and X radiation. They can serve as reference sources for relative measurements. Their activity is chosen so that:

• standard EG 1 in closed geometry with the NaI(Tl) 38 x 25 mm
• standard EG 2 inserted to the well of NaI(TI) 45 x 50 mm
• standard EG 3 located 10 cm from the forehead of NaI(Tl) 38 x 25 mm

gives approx. 1700 counts per second for energy higher than 30 keV.

MEASUREMENT

The activity of individual standards is calculated from the mass of the standard solution and is checked by relative measurements of γ photon flux. The specific activity is determined by absolute measurement using 4π β-γ , 4π α-γ or 4π X-γ coincidence method or 4π proportional counter.

MBSS - STANDARDS IN MARINELLI BEAKERS

DESCRIPTION

Marinelli beakers are filled with silicone rubber containing uniformly distributed radionuclide or mixture of radionuclides. Default density of the active volume is 0,98 g.cm-3 and mean atomic number approaches water. The standards are available in 3 types of polypropylene beakers with default volumes 450, 500 and 1000 ml. Other volumes, nuclides, activities or beakers are available on request. Custom geometry can be filled with no extra charge up to 1000ml of volume. All MBSS sources produced in customer's vessels or other than usual beakers are labeled CBSS.

APPLICATION

Energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers.

MEASUREMENT

The standards are prepared from the standard solutions ER(EB) whose activity is determined by absolute method. The final sources are checked by measurement on gamma spectrometer with HPGe detector. Combined standard uncertainty of activity is approx. 2 %.

MIX - MULTI-GAMMA MIXTURE

DESCRIPTION

Mixture of 10 isotopes (241Am, 109Cd, 139Ce, 57Co, 60Co, 137Cs, 113Sn, 85Sr, 88Y) developed especially for calibration of gamma measuring equipment. It covers the gamma energy range of 59,540– 1836,03 keV with 12 energy peaks. Combined standard uncertainty of activity is below approximately 3 %.

APPLICATION

Energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers.

PRODUCT TYPES

Our multi-gamma mixture can be used in a wide range of forms including the most popular: liquid solutions (ER-mix), and a silicon resin (CBSS2). Without Hg-203, it can also be produced as a planar source (EM/EZ), filter, or a sample of contaminated steel (ES).

EM – STANDARDS FOR CONTAMINATION MONITORING

DESCRIPTION

Standard radionuclide solution is deposited on a disc metal base in approx. 50 dots/cm2. Evaporated solution is overlayed with thermally cured layer of protective laquer and aluminium layer with square weight approx. 20 µg/cm2 deposited in vacuum. Square weight of protective layer is less than 0,1 mg/cm2. The active layer must be protected against dust, touch and corrosive atmosphere.

APPLICATION

Efficiency calibration in measurements of various radionuclides in thin layer particularly for checking of relative measurements in surface, water, air and personnel contamination with α and β emitting radionuclides. Likewise for checking of stability of contamination monitors. For measurements of contamination can be used also standards EZ with larger active area.

MEASUREMENT

The activity is calculated from mass and specific activity of standard solution, traceable to primary activity standard. Surface emission is measured with windowless proportional counter with uncertainty < 1 %. Both values are specified in associated documentation.

DIMENSION: (Other dimensions on request)

EZ - LARGE AREA STANDARDS FOR CONTAMINATION MONITORING

DESCRIPTION

Standard radionuclide solution is deposited on a metal base with standard dimensions 200 x 140 x 1,5 mm (or dimensions on request) in approx. 50 dots/cm2. Evaporated solution is overlayed with thermally cured layer of protective laquer and aluminium layer with square weight approx. 20 µg/cm2 deposited in vacuum. Square weight of protective layer is less than 0,1 mg/cm2. The active layer must be protected against dust, touch and corrosive atmosphere.

APPLICATION

Efficiency calibration of instruments for monitoring the surface and personal contamination by a and β emitting radionuclides. Likewise they can be used for checking of contamination monitor stability.

MEASUREMENT

The activity is calculated from mass and specific activity of standard solution, traceable to primary activity standard. Surface emission is measured with windowless proportional counter with uncertainty < 1 %. Both values are specified in associated documentation.

EB - ²²⁶ Ra STANDARD - SOLUTION

DESCRIPTION

Aqueous solution of the appropriate quantity of ²²⁶ Ra. Chemical composition of the solution: 1 g BaCl₂ /l and 10g HCl/l. EB 00 is the aqueous solution of 1 g BaCl₂ /l and 10 g HCl/l with very low and determined mass fraction of ²²⁶ Ra.

APPLICATION

The standards are designed for efficiency calibration of activity (mass) determination of ²⁶ Ra or ²²² Rn. Standard solutions are used either in the form of sealed ampoules for calibration or weighed part of the solution can be added to the analyzed sample as so called internal standard. After dilution by EB 00 solution is possible to prepare working standards with activities similar to measured samples. For emanometric determination of ²⁶ Ra or ²²² Rn in water, air and so on it is possible to transfer them to a washing bottle from which radon is expelled by a stream of gas.

MEASUREMENT

Standard solutions are prepared by dissolving of 226 Ra content of standard ES activity of which was determined by comparison of gamma photon flux of the standard with the flux of IIR primary radium standards. Comparison is carried out by means of the 4π -γ ionization chamber of IIR.

ER – UNIVERSAL RADIOACTIVE SOLUTIONS

DESCRIPTION

Approximately 1 or 5 g of the radioactive solution is sealed in a glass ampoule. Review of types and their parameters is in the table 1.

APPLICATION

The standards are designed for efficiency calibration of all kinds of detectors, type ER 2 is especially suitable for the calibration of proportional, scintillation and GM counters, types ER 3 and ER X for ionization chambers. Standard solutions are used either directly or after dilution for preparation of working standards. Application for internal standards is also possible.

MEASUREMENT

The ER 2 and ER 25 standards are directly prepared from a standard solution, the specific activity of which was determined by absolute measurement using the 4π ( α , β , X, e) - γ coincidence method or by a 4π proportional counter. The specific activity of the ER 3 and ER X standards is calculated from the dilution ratio and the specific activity of ER 2 standard solution.

AVAILABILITY OF NUCLIDES

Nuclides are divided into three categories. No Availability class means they are usually in stock. Class D represents nuclides available on request, the delivery time is usually 8+ weeks. Nuclides in class F will be ordered and produced twice a year, usually in April and October, so please make sure to plan their use ahead.

ESI – ¹²⁵I SIMULATING RADIOACTIVITY STANDARD

DESCRIPTION

1 ml of polymerised mixture of epoxy resin containing ²⁴¹Am and ¹²⁹I in the plastic test tube with dimensions 12 x 73 mm (diameter x length). Activities of ²⁴¹Am and ¹²⁹I are in such a ratio that resulting spectrum γ on a well type NaI(Tl) detector corresponds as much as possible with ¹²⁵I γ spectrum. Test tube is closed by plastic stopper.

APPLICATION

The standards are designed for the calibration and checking of RIA gamma counters, especially for the measuring of kits with ¹²⁵I.

MEASUREMENT

The effective activity is determined by the comparison measurement with ¹²⁵I working standards using the gamma spectrometer with a well type NaI(Tl) detector 50 x 50. Nominal activity is 1500 Bq of ¹²⁵I.

CODE: ESIT

EMEI - METHYL IODIDE LABELLED WITH ¹³¹I

DESCRIPTION

Set of 10 pieces of  5 ml glass ampoules containing 30 kBq CH₃ ¹³¹I each, absorbed in 0,1 g sorbent for gas chromatography. After opening ampoule, methyl iodide can be released by heating on 200 - 250 °C in stream of carrier gas (air, Nitrogen). Content of CH₃ I in ampoule is 2 mg (nominal values).

APPLICATION

For checking of gas monitors in nuclear facilities, especially in nuclear power plants.

MEASUREMENT

Activity is determined by gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector.

NOTE

Combined standard uncertainty is ( P = 68,3 %) nominally 1,5 %.

ENM - STANDARDS FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE

DESCRIPTION

Standards in 10 ml penicillin vials in form of polyacrylamide gel, active volume is 5 ml. In case of breaking the vial , polyacrylamide gel prevents larger contamination, which the radioactive solution would not.

APPLICATION

The standards are used for calibration and checking of measuring devices in nuclear medicine, e.g. activity calibrators.

MEASUREMENT

The activity is determined by measurement in 4π ionization chamber, which is the part of national standard of activity.

ED - STANDARDS FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE – PEN POINT MARKER

DESCRIPTION

Dried weighed part of standard solution of 57 Co is closed in a cylindrical plastic capsule with dimensions 11 x 9 mm (diameter x length). The source is installed on the top of the telescopic holder. Nominal activity is 5 MBq.

APPLICATION

The source is used mainly as a marker in nuclear medicine.

MEASUREMENT

The activity is calculated from the mass of the standard solution.

EVP  - STANDARDS OF RARE GASES

DESCRIPTION

Standards of radioactive rare gases ⁴¹Ar, ⁸⁵ Kr, ¹³³ Xe  are designed for calibration and checking of monitors of nuclear facilities outlets, especially those of nuclear power plants. Known activity of radioactive gas is closed in the steel pressure bottle in mixture with air under pressure up to 100 bar. Declared quantity is volume activity at normal conditions. Technology of production is described in documents 911-MP-C001-07, 911-MP-C002-07 and 911-MP-C003-07.

APPLICATION

Radioactive gas is blown off to the monitor systems of nuclear facilities.

MEASUREMENT

Activity of ⁴¹Ar is determined by gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector, activities of ⁸⁵Kr and ¹³³Xe by measurement with calibrated ionization chamber.

NOTE

Normal conditions are p = 101,3 kPa and  t= 0 o C

PHANTOM - BOMAB

DESCRIPTION

The Bottle Manequin Absorber Phantom (BOMAB) is the model of the human body 170 cm tall, separated into ten discrete parts, which can be independently filled. It is made from high density polyethylene, 4.8 - 5 mm thick, internal volume is approximately 55 dm³. It is supplied either empty or filled with non active silicone resin with specific density near 1 g.cm^-3 or filled with the same material containing activity, usually ¹⁵² Eu. The overall dimensions comply with requirements of Reference Man described in ICRP 23.

APPLICATION

BOMAB provides a functional simulation for the scattering of radiation in an adult human figure, to calibrate and check of whole body counters used for in vivo determination of deposited  γ  emitting radionuclides.

MEASUREMENT

The activity is calculated from the specific activity and the mass of used standard solutions and from mass of filler.

RF - ²²²Rn FLOW THROUGH SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

Accurate and long term stable sources of defined activity of ²²²Rn in gas phase. Radon is released from thin layer of a plastic foil with emanation power approaching 1. The source is constructed as a stainless steel cylindrical case supplied on the ends with the two ball valves and the two aerosol filters connected on the output aperture of the valves. All parts are made from stainless steel or Teflon. The sources are produced in activity range 20, 100, 200, 500, 1000 a 2000 kBq of ²²⁶Ra with commercial label RF 20, RF 100, ...RF 2000.

APPLICATION

The sources are designed for laboratory and field conditions. The main application is calibration of devices and detectors for activity measurements of ²²²Rn and ²²⁶Ra in environmental research. The user can apply the source in batch or flow through mode.

MEASUREMENT

The activity of ²²⁶Ra is determined by comparison with IIR standards, the emanation power by gamma spectrometry on a HPGe detector.

ES – CONTAMINATED STEEL SAMPLES WITH ⁶⁰Co AND ¹³⁷Cs

DESCRIPTION

Cylinder shape standards type ESCO and ESCS consist of outer case with inserted discs with activity of ⁶⁰Co or ¹³⁷Cs. Activity is deposited in points in the net 5 x 5 mm. Discs putting together originate a cylinder with approximately homogeneously deposited activity. Disc and case are made from polished stainless steel. Standard dimension of cylinder is 35 x 15 mm, standard dimension of one disc is 34 x 0,8 mm (diameter x thickness). Other dimensions are made according to requirements of customer.

APPLICATION

Standards are designed for efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers used for checking ¹³⁷Cs and ⁶⁰Co activity in steel. These radionuclides can occur in scrap iron as a result of liquidation of medical or industrial sources. According to customer requirements is possible to prepare standards with other radionuclides or with mixture of radionuclides.

MEASUREMENT

Activity of the standard is calculated from the mass and specific activity of the standard solution. The specific activity is determined by suitable absolute method. Produced sources are checked by comparison with IIR by standards gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector.