EA – ALPHA emission standards
DESCRIPTION
The radioactive substance in thin layer on the Pt foil is squeezed to the duraluminium casing with dimensions 25 x 5 mm (diameter x height). The casing has front window with diameter of 6 mm. The active area must be carefully protected against moisture, dust and abrasion.
APPLICATION
They are widely used as control sources in comparative measurements, for energy and efficiency calibration of alpha-spectrometers, determination of efficiency of window and windowless counters of α particles.
MEASUREMENT
Flux of α particles to spatial angle 2π sr is determined by 2π proportional counter. Activity is calculated from flux using correction on back scattering, spatial angle and self-absorption.
Nuclide | Half life (year) | Particle energy (keV) | Type | Particle flux | Uncertainty of flux (%) | Activity (kBq) | Activity uncertainty (%) | Code (for ordering) | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
239 Pu | 24100 (11) | 5105,81 5143,82 5156,59 |
EA 13 | 51 | 1,3 | 0,1 | 2,1 | PUA 13 | 3 |
EA 14 | 510 | 1,3 | 1,0 | 2,0 | PUA 14 | 3 | |||
241 Am | 432,6 (6) | 5442,86 5485,56 |
EA 13 | 51 | 1,3 | 0,1 | 2,1 | AMA 13 | 3 |
EA 14 | 510 | 1,3 | 1,0 | 2,0 | AMA 14 | 3 | |||
EA 15 | 5100 | 1,3 | 10 | 2,0 | AMA 15 | 3 | |||
241 Am + 239 Pu | - | - | EA 14 | 510 | 1,3 | 1,0 | 2,1 | AMPU | 3 |
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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EFF a EFX – STANDARDS OF PHOTON FLUX
DESCRIPTION
Standards of X and g photon flux type EFF and EFX are the point sources with minimum self-absorption emitting homogeneously to angle near 4π sr. The activity is deposited between two welded polyethylene foils with square weight 3,6 + 0,3 mg.cm -2 . The foils are located in the metal ring with outer diameter 40 mm. The active material is located in the centre of the foil.
APPLICATION
Standards EFF and EFX are designed for energy and efficiency calibration of counters and spectrometers of X and γ photons. The activity of the standard gives the source strength approximately ~10 4 s -1.
MEASUREMENT
The source strength of the EFX standard is determined by means of a suitable 4π counter. For the standards EFF (emitting photons γ ) source emission is calculated from the activity and the known photon yields.
Nuclide | Half life (days) | Photon energy (keV) | Photon flux in 4 π sr |
Uncertainty (%) |
Code | Certificate validity (years) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X - K | γ | keV | s -1 | |||||
55 Fe | 986 | 5,888 | 5,888 | 10 4 | 1,5 | FMFX | 3 | |
57 Co | 271,26 | 6,4 | 122,06 | 122,06 | 10 4 | 1,5 | CTFF | 2 |
136,46 | 136,46 | |||||||
65 Zn | 243,9 | 8,03 | 1115,52 | 8,03 | 10 4 | 2,2 | ZNFX | 2 |
85 Sr | 64,78 | 13,4 | 514 | 13,4 | 10 4 | 1,5 | SAFX | 1 |
109 Cd | 461,9 | 21,99 | 88,034 | 21,99 | 10 4 | 1,5 | CDFX | 3 |
241 Am | 157800 | 13,93 | 26,34 | 59,54 | 10 4 | 1,9 | AMFF | 0,5 |
17,61 X L | 59,54 |
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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EFS – STANDARD SOURCES FOR GAMMA SPECTROMETRY
DESCRIPTION
Standards of γ photon flux EFS are the point sources with minimum self-absorption emitting homogeneously to angle near 4π sr. The activity is deposited between two welded polyethylene foils with thickness less than 0,2 mm. Foils are mounted in the metal ring with outer diameter 35 mm. The active material is located in the centre of the foil.
APPLICATION
The standards EFS are designed for energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers with Ge(Li) and HPGe detectors. Used radionuclides cover energy range 100 keV - 2 MeV.
MEASUREMENT
The activity of the standard is calculated from the mass and specific activity of the standard solution. The specific activity is determined by absolute measurement.
Nuclide | Half life (days) | Energy (keV) | Photon - yield (%) | Uncertainty of | Activity (kBq) | Code | Certificate validity (years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
activity (%) | photon flux, (%) | |||||||
57 Co | 271,81 | 122,06 | 85,51 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 50 | CTS 01 | 2 |
136,47 | 10,71 | 2,2 | ||||||
139 Ce | 137,641 | 165,858 | 79,90 | 1,2 | 1,3 | 80 | CCS 01 | 2 |
85 Sr | 64,85 | 514,0 | 98,5 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 250 | SAS 01 | 1 |
137 Cs | 11019 | 661,657 | 84,99 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 400 | CSS 01 | 2 |
54 Mn | 312,19 | 834,85 | 99,975 | 1,0 | 1,0 | 450 | MNS 01 | 2 |
60 Co | 1925,4 | 1173,23 | 99,85 | 0,8 | 0,8 | 700 | COS 01 | 2 |
1332,49 | 99,983 | |||||||
88 Y | 106,60 | 898,042 | 93,70 | 1,5 | 1,5 | 700 | YWS 01 | 2 |
1836,07 | 99,35 | |||||||
133 Ba | 3897 | 53,162 | 2,14 | 1,0 | - | 250 | BAS 01 | 2 |
79,614 | 2,63 | 4,3 | ||||||
80,998 | 33,31 | 5,3 | ||||||
160,612 | 0,638 | 5,2 | ||||||
223,237 | 0,450 | - | ||||||
276,399 | 7,13 | 2,0 | ||||||
302,851 | 18,31 | 1,8 | ||||||
356,013 | 62,05 | 1,4 | ||||||
383,849 | 8,94 | 1,8 | ||||||
152 Eu | 4858 | 121,782 | 28,41 | 1,0 | 1,2 | 600 | EUS 01 | 2 |
244,697 | 7,55 | |||||||
344,279 | 26,59 | |||||||
411,17 | 2,238 | |||||||
443,965 | 2,80 | |||||||
778,905 | 12,97 | |||||||
964,079 | 14,50 | |||||||
1085,84 | 10,13 | |||||||
1112,08 | 13,41 | |||||||
1408,01 | 20,85 |
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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EG – GAMMA AND X REFERENCE SOURCES
DESCRIPTION
A weighed amount of the standard solution is dropped on the disc of filter paper in the polymethylmetacrylate capsule. The capsule is sealed up, when dried. The capsule and the reflector layer of common NaI(Tl) scintillators provide a sufficient filtering of β radiation of relevant radionuclide. For 144Ce this filtration is not sufficient and for the types EG 1 and EG 3 layer of minimum 3,2 mm Al between the standard and the detector is necessary.
APPLICATION
Energy and efficiency calibration of scintillation spectrometers and counters of γ and X radiation. They can serve as reference sources for relative measurements. Their activity is chosen so that:
- standard EG 1 in closed geometry with the NaI(Tl) 38 x 25 mm
- standard EG 2 inserted to the well of NaI(TI) 45 x 50 mm
- standard EG 3 located 10 cm from the forehead of NaI(Tl) 38 x 25 mm
MEASUREMENT
The activity of individual standards is calculated from the mass of the standard solution and is checked by relative measurements of γ photon flux. The specific activity is determined by absolute measurement using 4π β-γ , 4π α-γ or 4π X-γ coincidence method or 4π proportional counter.
Nuclide | Half life (days) | Type | Activity (kBq) | Energy of photons γ (keV) | Yield of photons (%) | Uncertainty (%) | Code | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
22 Na | 950 | EG 1 | 5 | 511,0 1275,55 |
18,66 99,94 |
1,0 | NAG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 3 | NAG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 100 | NAG - 3 | 3 | |||||
54 Mn | 312,22 | EG 1 | 13 | 846,76 | 99,92 | 0,7 | MNG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 6 | MNG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 300 | MNG - 3 | 3 | |||||
57 Co | 271,26 | EG 1 | 6 | 122,06 136,46 |
85,45 10,77 |
1,0 | CTG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 2 | CTG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 150 | CTG - 3 | 3 | |||||
60 Co | 1925,4 | EG 1 | 10 | 1173,21 1332,47 |
99,865 99,981 |
0,7 | COG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 4 | COG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 200 | COG - 3 | 3 | |||||
65 Zn | 243,9 | EG 1 | 40 | 1115,52 | 50,75 | 1,6 | ZNG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 18 | ZNG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 800 | ZNG - 3 | 3 | |||||
88 Y | 106,6 | EG 1 | 8 | 898,021 1836,030 |
93,52 99,36 |
1,2 | YWG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 4 | YWG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 200 | YWG - 3 | 3 | |||||
129I | 5,734.10 9 | EG 1 | 15 | 39,58 29 - 33 X K |
7,46 > 70 |
0,7 | IZG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 5 | IZG - 2 | 3 | |||||
133 Ba | 3897 | EG 1 | 3 | 80,989 302,795 355,95 |
34,2 18,46 62,22 |
0,8 | BAG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 2 | BAG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 80 | BAG - 3 | 3 | |||||
137 Cs | 11019 | EG 1 | 16 | 661,649 | 85,10 | 0,9 | CSG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 7 | CSG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 300 | CSG - 3 | 3 | |||||
152 Eu | 4858 | EG 1 | 30 | from 121 to 1538 keV |
depends on energy |
0,8 | EUG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 15 | EUG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 450 | EUG - 3 | 3 | |||||
EG 2 | 3 | HGG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 200 | HGG - 3 | 3 | |||||
241 Am | 157800 | EG 1 | 15 | 59,5364 | 35,67 | 0,6 | AMG - 1 | 3 |
EG 2 | 5 | AMG - 2 | 3 | |||||
EG 3 | 450 | AMG - 3 | 3 |
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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MBSS - STANDARDS IN MARINELLI BEAKERS
DESCRIPTION
Marinelli beakers are filled with silicone rubber containing uniformly distributed radionuclide or mixture of radionuclides. Default density of the active volume is 0,98 g.cm-3 and mean atomic number approaches water. The standards are available in 3 types of polypropylene beakers with default volumes 450, 500 and 1000 ml. Other volumes, nuclides, activities or beakers are available on request. Custom geometry can be filled with no extra charge up to 1000ml of volume. All MBSS sources produced in customer's vessels or other than usual beakers are labeled CBSS.
APPLICATION
Energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers.
MEASUREMENT
The standards are prepared from the standard solutions ER(EB) whose activity is determined by absolute method. The final sources are checked by measurement on gamma spectrometer with HPGe detector. Combined standard uncertainty of activity is approx. 2 %.
Type | Nuclide | Half life (days) | Activity (kBq) | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|
MBSS 1 | 152 Eu | 4858 | 3 | 3 |
MBSS 2 | Mixture: 241 Am, 109 Cd, 139 Ce, 57 Co, 60 Co, 137 Cs, 113 Sn, 85 Sr, 88 Y, optionally 51 Cr and/or 133 Ba can be added for no extra charge | - | 40 | 3*** |
MBSS 3 | 134 Cs | 753 | * | 3 |
MBSS 4 | 137 Cs | 11019 | 3 | 3 |
MBSS 5 | 226 Ra | 584300 | 3 | 3 |
MBSS 6 | 57 Co | 271,26 | * | 3 |
MBSS 7 | 60 Co | 1925,4 | 3 | 3 |
MBSS 8 | 241 Am | 157800 | 10 | 3 |
MBSS 9 | 232 Th | 5,15 . 10 12 | 1,5 | 3 |
MBSS 10 | 153 Gd | 241,6 | * | 3 |
MBSS 12 | 133 Ba | 3897 | 2 | 3 |
MBSS 13 | 109 Cd | 462,6 | 20 | 3 |
MBSS 14 | 210 Pb | 8108 | 15 | 3 |
MBSS 15 | 192 Ir | 74,12 | * | 3 |
MBSS 16 | 85 Sr | 64,78 | * | 1 |
MBSS 17 | 54 Mn | 312,22 | * | 3 |
MBSS 18 | 88 Y | 106,60 | * | 2 |
MBSS 19 | 139 Ce | 137,50 | * | 2 |
MBSS 20 | 40 K | 4,602 . 10 11 | 1,5 | 3 |
*** certificate validity for 51Cr is 6 months
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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MIX - MULTI-GAMMA MIXTURE
DESCRIPTION
Mixture of 10 isotopes (241Am, 109Cd, 139Ce, 57Co, 60Co, 137Cs, 113Sn, 85Sr, 88Y) developed especially for calibration of gamma measuring equipment. It covers the gamma energy range of 59,540– 1836,03 keV with 12 energy peaks. Combined standard uncertainty of activity is below approximately 3 %.
APPLICATION
Energy and efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers.
PRODUCT TYPES
Our multi-gamma mixture can be used in a wide range of forms including the most popular: liquid solutions (ER-mix), and a silicon resin (CBSS2). Without Hg-203, it can also be produced as a planar source (EM/EZ), filter, or a sample of contaminated steel (ES).
Nuclide | γ Energy (keV) |
---|---|
241 Am | 59,540 |
109 Cd | 88,034 |
57 Co | 122,060 |
139 Ce | 165,853 |
113Sn | 391,702 |
85 Sr | 514,008 |
137 Cs | 661,649 |
88 Y | 898,042 |
60 Co | 1173,238 |
60 Co | 1332,502 |
88 Y | 1836,030 |
EM – STANDARDS FOR CONTAMINATION MONITORING
DESCRIPTION
Standard radionuclide solution is deposited on a disc metal base in approx. 50 dots/cm2. Evaporated solution is overlayed with thermally cured layer of protective laquer and aluminium layer with square weight approx. 20 µg/cm2 deposited in vacuum. Square weight of protective layer is less than 0,1 mg/cm2. The active layer must be protected against dust, touch and corrosive atmosphere.
APPLICATION
Efficiency calibration in measurements of various radionuclides in thin layer particularly for checking of relative measurements in surface, water, air and personnel contamination with α and β emitting radionuclides. Likewise for checking of stability of contamination monitors. For measurements of contamination can be used also standards EZ with larger active area.
MEASUREMENT
The activity is calculated from mass and specific activity of standard solution, traceable to primary activity standard. Surface emission is measured with windowless proportional counter with uncertainty < 1 %. Both values are specified in associated documentation.
DIMENSION: (Other dimensions on request)
Types EM 1, EM 4
diameter of the active area 23-25 mm
thickness 2,0 mm
Types EM 10, EM 40
diameter of the active area 23-30 mm
thickness 1,0 mm
Types EM 145, EM 445
diameter of the active area 23-48,5 mm
thickness 1,0 mm
Nuclide | Half life (year) | Particle energy (keV) | Type | Uncertainty of activity (%) |
Code | Certificate validity (years) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α | β | γ | ||||||
14 C | 5700 (30) | 156,476 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | CWM 1 | 5 | ||
EM 10 | CWM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | CWM 145 | |||||||
36 Cl | 302 (4) E+03 | 709,53 | 511 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | CLM 1 | 5 | |
EM 10 | CLM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | CLM 145 | |||||||
60 Co | 5,2711 (8) | 317,32 | 1173 1332 |
EM 1 | < 1,5 | COM 1 | 5 | |
EM 10 | COM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | COM 145 | |||||||
90 Sr* | 28,80 (7) | 545,9 2278,7 |
EM 1 | < 1,5 | STM 1 | 5 | ||
EM 10 | STM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | STM 145 | |||||||
137 Cs | 30,05 (8) | 513,97 1175,63 |
661 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | CSM 1 | 5 | |
EM 10 | CSM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | CSM 145 | |||||||
137 Cs | 30,05 (8) | 513,97 1175,63 |
661 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | CSM 1 | 5 | |
EM 10 | CSM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | CSM 145 | |||||||
147 Pm | 2,6234 (4) | 224,1 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | PMM 1 | 5 | ||
EM 10 | PMM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | PMM 145 | |||||||
204 Tl | 3,788 (15) | 763,7 | EM 1 | < 1,5 | TLM 1 | 5 | ||
EM 10 | TLM 10 | |||||||
EM 145 | TLM 145 | |||||||
U | + | 4198 4774,6 |
EM 4 | < 1,5 | UMW 4 | 5 | ||
EM 40 | UWM 40 | |||||||
EM 445 | UWM 445 | |||||||
239 Pu | 24100 (11) | 5156,59 | EM 4 | < 1,5 | PUM 4 | 5 | ||
EM 40 | PUM 40 | |||||||
EM 445 | PUM 445 | |||||||
241 Am | 432,6 (6) | 5442,86 5485,56 |
59,5409 | EM 4 | < 1,5 | AMM 4 | 5 | |
EM 40 | AMM 40 | |||||||
EM 445 | AMM 445 |
*Sr-90 is in radiochemical equilibrium with Y-90. The certificate shows only data for the Sr-90, meaning the actual activity of the source is two times the activity stated in the certificate.
Note: + 238U - 4,468 (5) E+09 years, 235U - 704 (1) E+06 years, 234U – 2,455 (6) E+05 years
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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EZ - LARGE AREA STANDARDS FOR CONTAMINATION MONITORING
DESCRIPTION
Standard radionuclide solution is deposited on a metal base with standard dimensions 200 x 140 x 1,5 mm (or dimensions on request) in approx. 50 dots/cm2. Evaporated solution is overlayed with thermally cured layer of protective laquer and aluminium layer with square weight approx. 20 µg/cm2 deposited in vacuum. Square weight of protective layer is less than 0,1 mg/cm2. The active layer must be protected against dust, touch and corrosive atmosphere.
APPLICATION
Efficiency calibration of instruments for monitoring the surface and personal contamination by a and β emitting radionuclides. Likewise they can be used for checking of contamination monitor stability.
MEASUREMENT
The activity is calculated from mass and specific activity of standard solution, traceable to primary activity standard. Surface emission is measured with windowless proportional counter with uncertainty < 1 %. Both values are specified in associated documentation.
Nuclide | Half life (days) | Particle energy (keV) | Type | Uncertainty of activity (%) |
Code | Certificate validity (years) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
α | β | γ | ||||||
14 C | 5700 (30) | 156,476 | EZ 1 | < 1,5 | CWZ-1 | 5 | ||
36 Cl | 302 (4) E+03 | 709,53 | 511 | EZ 1 | < 1,5 | CLZ-1 | 5 | |
60 Co | 5,2711 (8) | 317,32 | 1173,22 1332,492 |
EZ 1 | < 1,5 | COZ-1 | 5 | |
90 Sr* | 28,80 (7) | 545,9 2278,7 |
EZ 1 | < 1,5 | STZ-1 | 5 | ||
137 Cs | 30,05 (8) | 513,97 1175,63 |
661,657 | EZ 1 | < 1,5 | CSZ-1 | 5 | |
147 Pm | 2,6234 (4) | 224,1 | EZ 1 | < 1,5 | PMZ-1 | 5 | ||
204 Tl | 3,788 (15) | 763,7 | EZ 1 | < 1,5 | TLZ-1 | 5 | ||
U | + | 4198 4774,6 |
EZ 2 | < 1,5 | UMW-2 | 5 | ||
239 Pu | 24100 (11) | 5156,59 | EZ 2 | < 1,5 | PUZ-2 | 5 | ||
241 Am | 432,6 (6) | 5442,86 5485,56 |
59,5409 | EZ 2 | < 1,5 | AMZ-2 | 5 |
*Sr-90 is in radiochemical equilibrium with Y-90. The certificate shows only data for the Sr-90, meaning the actual activity of the source is two times the activity stated in the certificate.
Note: + 238U - 4,468 (5) E+09 years, 235U - 704 (1) E+06 years, 234U – 2,455 (6) E+05 years
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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EB - 226 Ra STANDARD - SOLUTION
DESCRIPTION
Aqueous solution of the appropriate quantity of 226 Ra. Chemical composition of the solution: 1 g BaCl2 /l and 10g HCl/l. EB 00 is the aqueous solution of 1 g BaCl2 /l and 10 g HCl/l with very low and determined mass fraction of 226 Ra.
APPLICATION
The standards are designed for efficiency calibration of activity (mass) determination of 26 Ra or 222 Rn. Standard solutions are used either in the form of sealed ampoules for calibration or weighed part of the solution can be added to the analyzed sample as so called internal standard. After dilution by EB 00 solution is possible to prepare working standards with activities similar to measured samples. For emanometric determination of 26 Ra or 222 Rn in water, air and so on it is possible to transfer them to a washing bottle from which radon is expelled by a stream of gas.
MEASUREMENT
Standard solutions are prepared by dissolving of 226 Ra content of standard ES activity of which was determined by comparison of gamma photon flux of the standard with the flux of IIR primary radium standards. Comparison is carried out by means of the 4π -γ ionization chamber of IIR.
Nuclide | Half life (days) | Type | Mass of the solution (g) |
Concentration of 226 Ra (ng/g) |
Mass of 226 Ra (ng) |
Uncertainty (%) | Packing | Code | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
226 Ra | 584300 | EB 6 | 1 | 1000 | 1000 | 0,5 | Glass ampoule 1 ml | RAB 6 | 3 |
EB 7 | 1 | 100 | 100 | 0,5 | RAB 7 | 3 | |||
EB 8 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 0,5 | RAB 8 | 3 | |||
EB 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0,6 | RAB 9 | 3 | |||
EB 10 | 1 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,7 | RAB 10 | 3 | |||
EB 65 | 5 | 1000 | 5000 | 0,5 | Glass ampoule 5 ml | RAB 65 | 3 | ||
EB 75 | 5 | 100 | 500 | 0,5 | RAB 75 | 3 | |||
EB 85 | 5 | 10 | 50 | 0,5 | RAB 85 | 3 | |||
EB 95 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0,6 | RAB 95 | 3 | |||
EB 105 | 5 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 0,7 | RAB 105 | 3 |
226 Ra is in the radioactive equilibrium with its short life daughter products.
Activity of 1 g 226 Ra is 3,658.1010 Bq
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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ER – UNIVERSAL RADIOACTIVE SOLUTIONS
DESCRIPTION
Approximately 1 or 5 g of the radioactive solution is sealed in a glass ampoule. Review of types and their parameters is in the table 1.
APPLICATION
The standards are designed for efficiency calibration of all kinds of detectors, type ER 2 is especially suitable for the calibration of proportional, scintillation and GM counters, types ER 3 and ER X for ionization chambers. Standard solutions are used either directly or after dilution for preparation of working standards. Application for internal standards is also possible.
MEASUREMENT
The ER 2 and ER 25 standards are directly prepared from a standard solution, the specific activity of which was determined by absolute measurement using the 4π ( α , β , X, e) - γ coincidence method or by a 4π proportional counter. The specific activity of the ER 3 and ER X standards is calculated from the dilution ratio and the specific activity of ER 2 standard solution.
AVAILABILITY OF NUCLIDES
Nuclides are divided into three categories. No Availability class means they are usually in stock. Class D represents nuclides available on request, the delivery time is usually 8+ weeks. Nuclides in class F will be ordered and produced twice a year, usually in April and October, so please make sure to plan their use ahead.
Type | Mass (g) | Specific activity (MBq/g) |
Activity (MBq) |
Packing | Code |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ER 1* | 1 | 0,005 | 0,005 | glass ampoule 1 ml | IZR 1 (129 I) |
ER 2 | 1 | 0,100 | 0,100 | glass ampoule 1 ml | ...R 2 |
ER 25 | 5 | 0,100 | 0,500 | glass ampoule 5 ml | ...R 25 |
ER 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | glass ampoule 1 ml | ...R 3 |
ER X | Tailor-made solutions based on customer‘s request |
* refers only to 129 I standards
Nuclide | Availability | Half life (days) | Chemical composition of aqueous solution | Uncertainty (%) | Code | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 H | 4510 | H2O | 1,7 | HWR | 3 | |
7 Be | F | 53,23 | 30 mg BeSO4 /I + 3 g HCl /l | 1,0 | BER | 1 |
14 C | 2,089.106 | 5 g Na2CO3/l | 1,5 | CWR | 3 | |
22 Na | 950 | 50 mg NaCl /I + 36 g HCl /l | 0,8 | NAR | 3 | |
24 Na | F | 0,62571 | 50 mg NaCl /l + 36 g HCl /l | 0,6 | NKR | 3 days |
32 P | F | 14,30 | 50 mg H3 PO4 /l | 0,6 | PWR | 2 months |
35 S | D | 87,46 | 50 mg Na2 SO4 /l | 1,3 | SWR | 1 |
45 Ca | D | 162,8 | 20 mg CaCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,2 | CAR | 3 |
51 Cr | D | 27,701 | 30 mg CrCl3 /l + 3 g HCl /l | 0,8 | CRR | 0,5 |
54 Mn | 312,22 | 50 mg MnCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,6 | MNR | 3 | |
55 Fe | 986 | 50 mg FeCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 2,7 | FMR | 3 | |
56 Co | F | 77,7 | 20 mg CoCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,9 | CBR | 1 |
57 Co | 271,26 | 20 mg CoCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | CTR | 3 | |
58 Co | D | 70,78 | 20 mg CoCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,0 | CYR | 1 |
59 Fe | F | 44,54 | 50 mg FeCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | FER | 8 months |
60 Co | 1925,4 | 20 mg CoCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,4 | COR | 3 | |
63 Ni | 36560 | 20 mg NiCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,5 | NIR | 3 | |
Zn 65 | 243,9 | 50 mg ZnCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,5 | ZNR | 3 | |
67 Ga | D | 3,261 | 12,6 mg GaCl3 /l + 7 g HCl/l | 1,2 | GAR | 15 days |
75 Se | D | 119,6 | 20 mg Na2 SeO3 /l + 4 g NaOH/l | 1,0 | SER | 2 |
85 Sr | 64,78 | 20 mg SrCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | SAR | 1 | |
86 Rb | D | 18,696 | 20 mg RbCl/l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | RBR | 3 months |
88 Y | 106,60 | 20 mg YCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,2 | YWR | 2 | |
89 Sr | 50,6 | 20 mg SrCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,6 | SRR | 1 | |
90 Sr* | 10281 | 20 mg Sr(NO3)2 /l + 20 mg Y(NO3)3 /l + 3 g HNO3 /l | 0,6 | STR | 3 | |
90 Y | F | 2,671 | 50 mg YCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,6 | YKR | 10 days |
95 Zr | F | 64 | 12 mg (NH4)4 Zr(C2O4)4 /l + 12 mg (NH4)3 NbO(C2O4)3 /l+ 0,5 g H2C2O4 /l | 1,0 | ZRR | 1 |
95 Nb | F | 35,04 | 12 mg (NH4)3 NbO(C2O4)3 /l + 0,5 g H2C2O4 /l | 0,6 | NBR | 0,5 |
99 Mo | F | 2,750 | 25 mg (NH4)2 MoO4 /l + 0,3 g NH4 OH/l | 1,0 | MOR | 10 days |
99m Tc | F | 0,25096 | 3 g NH4 OH/l | 1,5 | TCR | 2 days |
106 Ru | F | 368,3 | 50 mg RuCl3 /l + 50 mg RhCl3 /l + 30 g HCl/l | 1,2 | RUR | 3 |
109 Cd | 462,6 | 50 mg CdCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 1,3 | CDR | 3 | |
113 Sn | 115,10 | 50 mg H2 SnCl6 /l + 216 g HCl/l | 1,2 | SNR | 2 | |
124 Sb | D | 60,20 | 50 mg SbCl3 /l + 70 g HCl/l | 1,2 | SBR | 1 |
125 I | 59,89 | 50 mg KI/l + 50 mg Na2S2O3 /l | 0,6 | ITR | 1 | |
129 I | 5,734.109 | 4 g KI/l + 10 g Na2S2O3 /l | 0,6 | IZR | 3 | |
131 I | 8,051 | 50 mg KI/l + 50 mg Na2S2O3 /l | 0,6 | IWR | 1 month | |
131 I | 8,051 | 2 µg I2/ml CCl4 | 1,0 | IER | 1 month | |
133 Ba | 3897 | 30 mg BaCl2 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,6 | BAR | 3 | |
134 Cs | 753,0 | 20 mg CsCl/l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | CGR | 3 | |
137 Cs | 11019 | 20 mg CsCl/l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | CSR | 3 | |
139 Ce | 137,50 | 20 mg CeCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | CCR | 2 | |
141 Ce | D | 32,50 | 30 mg CeCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | CKR | 0,5 |
144 Ce | D | 284,4 | 20 mg CeCl3 /l + 20 mg PrCl3 + 3 g HCl/l | 1,0 | CER | 3 |
147 Pm | 958,0 | 20 mg PrCl3 /l + 20 mg NdCl3 + 3 g HCl/l | 1,5 | PMR | 3 | |
152 Eu | 4858 | 30 mg EuCl3 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,6 | EUR | 3 | |
192 Ir | D | 74,12 | 50 mg Na2 IrCl6 /l + 3 g HCl/l | 0,8 | IRR | 1 |
204 Tl | 1384 | 30 mg Tl2SO4 /l + 3 g HNO3 /l | 1,3 | TLR | 3 | |
210 Po | F | 138,4 | 25 mg TeO2 /l + 63 g HNO3 /l | 1,3 | POR | 2 |
210 Pb | 8108 | 20 mg Pb(NO3)2 /l + 20 mg Bi(NO3)3 /l + 25 mg TeO2 /l + 63 g HNO3 /l | 1,3 | PBR | 3 | |
239 Pu | 8,806.106 | 63 g HNO3 /l | 1,2 | PUR | 3 | |
241 Am | 157800 | 20 mg Sm(NO3)3 /l + 6,3 g HNO3 /l | 0,4 | AMR | 3 | |
243 Am | D | 2,69.106 | 20 mg Sm(NO3)3 /l + 6,3 g HNO3 /l | 0,4 | AWR | 3 |
Unat | 1,63.1012 | 1,66 g UO2(NO3)2 /l + 6,3 g HNO3 /l | 1,0 | UER | 3 |
*Sr-90 is in radiochemical equilibrium with Y-90. The certificate shows only data for the Sr-90, meaning the actual activity of the source is two times the activity stated in the certificate.
Availability:
D – On request, longer delivery time
F – Planned orders of material twice a year (April and October)
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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ESI – 125I SIMULATING RADIOACTIVITY STANDARD
DESCRIPTION
1 ml of polymerised mixture of epoxy resin containing 241Am and 129I in the plastic test tube with dimensions 12 x 73 mm (diameter x length). Activities of 241Am and 129I are in such a ratio that resulting spectrum γ on a well type NaI(Tl) detector corresponds as much as possible with 125I γ spectrum. Test tube is closed by plastic stopper.
APPLICATION
The standards are designed for the calibration and checking of RIA gamma counters, especially for the measuring of kits with 125I.
MEASUREMENT
The effective activity is determined by the comparison measurement with 125I working standards using the gamma spectrometer with a well type NaI(Tl) detector 50 x 50. Nominal activity is 1500 Bq of 125I.
CODE: ESIT
EMEI - METHYL IODIDE LABELLED WITH 131I
DESCRIPTION
Set of 10 pieces of 5 ml glass ampoules containing 30 kBq CH3 131I each, absorbed in 0,1 g sorbent for gas chromatography. After opening ampoule, methyl iodide can be released by heating on 200 - 250 °C in stream of carrier gas (air, Nitrogen). Content of CH3 I in ampoule is 2 mg (nominal values).
APPLICATION
For checking of gas monitors in nuclear facilities, especially in nuclear power plants.
MEASUREMENT
Activity is determined by gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector.
NOTE
Combined standard uncertainty is ( P = 68,3 %) nominally 1,5 %.
ENM - STANDARDS FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE
DESCRIPTION
Standards in 10 ml penicillin vials in form of polyacrylamide gel, active volume is 5 ml. In case of breaking the vial , polyacrylamide gel prevents larger contamination, which the radioactive solution would not.
APPLICATION
The standards are used for calibration and checking of measuring devices in nuclear medicine, e.g. activity calibrators.
MEASUREMENT
The activity is determined by measurement in 4π ionization chamber, which is the part of national standard of activity.
Nuclide | Half life (days) |
Photon energy (keV) |
Yield of photons (%) |
Activity (MBq) |
Uncertainty (%) |
Code | Certificate validity (years) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
57 Co | 271,26 | 122,06 136,46 |
85,45 10,77 |
5 | 1,5 | CTNM | 5 |
60 Co | 1925,4 | 1173,21 1332,47 |
99,87 99,98 |
5 | 0,8 | CONM | 5 |
133 Ba | 3897 | 30,63 30,97 35,00 35,80 80,989 276,402 302,795 355,95 383,78 |
32,00 61,51 17,00 3,70 34,2 7,17 18,46 62,22 8,93 |
5 | 1,2 | BANM | 5 |
137 Cs | 11019 | 661,649 | 85,10 | 5 | 1,2 | CSNM | 5 |
241 Am | 157800 | 59,54 | 35,67 | 5 | 2,3 | AMNM | 5 |
Uncertainty is an abbreviation for combined standard uncertainty ( P = 68,3 %).
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ED - STANDARDS FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE – PEN POINT MARKER
DESCRIPTION
Dried weighed part of standard solution of 57 Co is closed in a cylindrical plastic capsule with dimensions 11 x 9 mm (diameter x length). The source is installed on the top of the telescopic holder. Nominal activity is 5 MBq.
APPLICATION
The source is used mainly as a marker in nuclear medicine.
MEASUREMENT
The activity is calculated from the mass of the standard solution.
EVP - STANDARDS OF RARE GASES
DESCRIPTION
Standards of radioactive rare gases 41Ar, 85 Kr, 133 Xe are designed for calibration and checking of monitors of nuclear facilities outlets, especially those of nuclear power plants. Known activity of radioactive gas is closed in the steel pressure bottle in mixture with air under pressure up to 100 bar. Declared quantity is volume activity at normal conditions. Technology of production is described in documents 911-MP-C001-07, 911-MP-C002-07 and 911-MP-C003-07.
APPLICATION
Radioactive gas is blown off to the monitor systems of nuclear facilities.
MEASUREMENT
Activity of 41Ar is determined by gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector, activities of 85Kr and 133Xe by measurement with calibrated ionization chamber.
NOTE
Normal conditions are p = 101,3 kPa and t= 0 o C
PHANTOM - BOMAB
DESCRIPTION
The Bottle Manequin Absorber Phantom (BOMAB) is the model of the human body 170 cm tall, separated into ten discrete parts, which can be independently filled. It is made from high density polyethylene, 4.8 - 5 mm thick, internal volume is approximately 55 dm3. It is supplied either empty or filled with non active silicone resin with specific density near 1 g.cm-3 or filled with the same material containing activity, usually 152 Eu. The overall dimensions comply with requirements of Reference Man described in ICRP 23.
APPLICATION
BOMAB provides a functional simulation for the scattering of radiation in an adult human figure, to calibrate and check of whole body counters used for in vivo determination of deposited γ emitting radionuclides.
MEASUREMENT
The activity is calculated from the specific activity and the mass of used standard solutions and from mass of filler.
Description | Pieces | Shape | Profil (cm) | Height (cm) | Volume (dm3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
head | 1 | ellipse | 19 x 14 | 20 | 3,50 |
neck | 1 | circle | 13 diameter | 10 | 1,00 |
thorax | 1 | ellipse | 30 x 20 | 40 | 15,00 |
lumbar | 1 | ellipse | 36 x 20 | 20 | 9,00 |
thigh | 2 | circle | 15 diameter | 40 | 5,90 |
leg | 2 | circle | 12 diameter | 40 | 3,60 |
arm | 2 | circle | 10 diameter | 60 | 3,60 |
RF - 222Rn FLOW THROUGH SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
Accurate and long term stable sources of defined activity of 222Rn in gas phase. Radon is released from thin layer of a plastic foil with emanation power approaching 1. The source is constructed as a stainless steel cylindrical case supplied on the ends with the two ball valves and the two aerosol filters connected on the output aperture of the valves. All parts are made from stainless steel or Teflon. The sources are produced in activity range 20, 100, 200, 500, 1000 a 2000 kBq of 226Ra with commercial label RF 20, RF 100, ...RF 2000.
APPLICATION
The sources are designed for laboratory and field conditions. The main application is calibration of devices and detectors for activity measurements of 222Rn and 226Ra in environmental research. The user can apply the source in batch or flow through mode.
MEASUREMENT
The activity of 226Ra is determined by comparison with IIR standards, the emanation power by gamma spectrometry on a HPGe detector.
SPECIFICATION | |
---|---|
Combined standard uncertainty of 226Ra activity |
1,5 % |
Emanation power | near 1, typical value is 0,998 |
Internal volume | 200 cm3 |
Maximum flow of carrier gas | 10 l/min. |
Working temperature and relative moisture | 0 - 40 °C, 0 - 100 % |
Dimensions | 376 x 54 mm |
Weight | 1,27 kg |
- ball valve
- emanator
- holder
- flange
- retaining screw Material: Dural, brass, stainless steel, Teflon, epoxy resin
ES – CONTAMINATED STEEL SAMPLES WITH 60Co AND 137Cs
DESCRIPTION
Cylinder shape standards type ESCO and ESCS consist of outer case with inserted discs with activity of 60Co or 137Cs. Activity is deposited in points in the net 5 x 5 mm. Discs putting together originate a cylinder with approximately homogeneously deposited activity. Disc and case are made from polished stainless steel. Standard dimension of cylinder is 35 x 15 mm, standard dimension of one disc is 34 x 0,8 mm (diameter x thickness). Other dimensions are made according to requirements of customer.
APPLICATION
Standards are designed for efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometers used for checking 137Cs and 60Co activity in steel. These radionuclides can occur in scrap iron as a result of liquidation of medical or industrial sources. According to customer requirements is possible to prepare standards with other radionuclides or with mixture of radionuclides.
MEASUREMENT
Activity of the standard is calculated from the mass and specific activity of the standard solution. The specific activity is determined by suitable absolute method. Produced sources are checked by comparison with IIR by standards gamma spectrometry with HPGe detector.